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NITI Aayog holds 2nd National Urban Conclave
వార్తల్లో ఎందుకు?
Cities cannot be run from state capitals: the 74th Amendment gap every Polity answer must cover
NITI Aayog member urges empowered city governments.
Why it matters: factual, Prelims-type
What you need to know
2 నిమి
At the 2nd National Urban Conclave, NITI Aayog Member Rajiv Gauba said cities cannot be run from state capitals and called for empowered city governments.
The remark ties into the 74th Amendment goal of strengthening urban local bodies.
మూలాలు: Topper IAS editorial (PIB / The Hindu / Indian Express)
ముఖ్య వాస్తవాలు
Remember these
- 2nd National Urban Conclave: NITI Aayog Member Rajiv Gauba called for empowered city governments
- 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to urban local bodies; in force from 1 June 1993
- Added Part IXA (Articles 243P to 243ZG) and the 12th Schedule listing 18 municipal functions
- Article 243Q provides for three types of municipalities: Nagar Panchayat, Municipal Council and Municipal Corporation
- State Finance Commissions (Article 243Y) review the finances of municipalities every five years
ప్రిలిమ్స్ · మెయిన్స్
How the exam will ask it
ప్రిలిమ్స్
- The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act inserted Part IXA in the Constitution, dealing with Municipalities.
- The 12th Schedule lists 18 functional items that may be devolved to municipalities; devolution is left to State legislatures.
- Article 243Q provides for a Nagar Panchayat for a transitional area, a Municipal Council for a smaller urban area and a Municipal Corporation for a larger urban area.
- Elections to municipalities are conducted by the State Election Commission, and a municipality has a fixed five-year term.
మెయిన్స్
GS2 (Governance, Federalism): Cities remain controlled by State governments despite the 74th Amendment, because functions, funds and functionaries are devolved at State discretion. The 12th Schedule and State Finance Commissions give the framework, but weak own-source revenue, parastatal control and the lack of empowered mayors dilute it. The way forward is genuine devolution of the 3Fs, directly elected empowered mayors, stronger property tax and municipal bond capacity, and regular State Finance Commission follow-up.
Quick recall
Answer before you reveal
As per the devolution formula currently followed, States collectively receive what share of the divisible pool of Union taxes?
- 32%
- 40%
- 41%
- 42%
సమాధానం చూడండి
సమాధానం: C — Correct: 41% — States get 41% of the divisible pool, paid in 14 instalments a year; this is one point below the 14th Finance Commission figure. • 32% — wrong: 32% was the share recommended by the 13th Finance Commission, long since replaced. • 40% — wrong: 40% is not the share recommended by any recent Finance Commission. • 42% — wrong: 42% was the 14th Finance Commission figure, later trimmed to 41% after the reorganisation of Jammu and Kashmir.
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