← 29 October 2026's Current Affairs · Environment GA Prelims ★★★★☆ Mains ★★☆☆☆
India reaffirms biodiversity framework commitment at CBD COP-17
ஏன் செய்தியில்?
What does '30 by 30' actually protect? The Kunming-Montreal target behind India's CBD COP-17 stand
India restates its commitment to the Global Biodiversity Framework at CBD COP-17 in Yerevan.
Why it matters: factual, Prelims-type
What you need to know
2 நிமிடம்
India reaffirmed its commitment to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework at the 17th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, held in Yerevan, Armenia, from 19 to 30 October 2026.
The Framework aims to conserve 30 per cent of the world's land, waters and seas by 2030.
Civil society groups have also warned that digitising genetic material without consent enables biopiracy.
ஆதாரங்கள்: Topper IAS editorial (PIB / The Hindu / Indian Express)
முக்கிய உண்மைகள்
Remember these
- CBD COP-17 was held in Yerevan, Armenia, from 19 to 30 October 2026.
- The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aims to conserve 30 per cent of land, waters and seas by 2030 ('30 by 30').
- The Framework was adopted in December 2022 at CBD COP-15 in Montreal, with 23 global targets for 2030.
- Civil society groups warn that digitising genetic material without consent enables biopiracy.
- India's domestic law on access and benefit-sharing is the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
ப்ரிலிம்ஸ் · மெயின்ஸ்
How the exam will ask it
ப்ரிலிம்ஸ்
- The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework is adopted under the Convention on Biological Diversity.
- Its headline target is to conserve at least 30 per cent of the world's land, inland waters, coastal and marine areas by 2030.
- Biopiracy means using biological resources or traditional knowledge without consent or fair benefit-sharing.
- The Nagoya Protocol under the CBD deals with access to genetic resources and fair sharing of benefits.
மெயின்ஸ்
GS3 (Environment): biodiversity loss has pushed countries to a global conservation target, the Kunming-Montreal Framework, whose '30 by 30' goal depends on national action and finance. The issue is how to meet area-based targets while protecting community rights and preventing biopiracy of digitised genetic data, under laws such as the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. The way forward is credible national biodiversity plans, assured finance, and benefit-sharing with local communities.
Quick recall
Answer before you reveal
Under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, countries committed to conserve at least what share of the world's land, inland waters, coastal and marine areas by 2030?
- 20%
- 30%
- 40%
- 50%
விடையைக் காட்டு
விடை: B — The correct answer is 30%. The Framework's headline target is to conserve at least 30 per cent by 2030.
Convert this topic into marks
Today's 10-MCQ test · instant analysis · Powered by AdaptIQ