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Quick scan: El Nino and the strength of Cyclone Arnab
ಸುದ್ದಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಏಕೆ?
El Nino weakens the monsoon, but how? The Pacific warming concept GS1 climatology tests
El Nino is abnormal Pacific warming; an explainer links it to Cyclone Arnab's intensity.
Why it matters: asked in UPSC 2011; factual, Prelims-type
What you need to know
2 ನಿಮಿಷ
El Nino is an abnormal warming of the surface waters of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean that disturbs normal atmospheric circulation and often weakens the Indian monsoon.
An explainer this week linked it to the strength and speed of Cyclone Arnab.
ಮೂಲಗಳು: Topper IAS editorial (PIB / The Hindu / Indian Express)
ಮುಖ್ಯ ಅಂಶಗಳು
Remember these
- El Nino is an abnormal warming of surface waters in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean.
- It disturbs normal atmospheric circulation and often weakens the Indian monsoon.
- Its opposite phase, with cooler than normal Pacific waters, is called La Nina.
- El Nino and La Nina together form the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
- An explainer this week linked El Nino to the strength and speed of Cyclone Arnab.
ಪ್ರಿಲಿಮ್ಸ್ · ಮೇನ್ಸ್
How the exam will ask it
ಪ್ರಿಲಿಮ್ಸ್
- El Nino involves warming of surface waters of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean.
- El Nino conditions often weaken the Indian southwest monsoon, leading to deficient rainfall in many years.
- La Nina is the cool phase of ENSO and is generally favourable for the Indian monsoon.
- El Nino is a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon that disturbs the normal Walker circulation.
ಮೇನ್ಸ್
GS1 (Geography - climatology) and GS3 (disaster management, agriculture). El Nino alters Pacific atmospheric circulation, often weakening the monsoon and influencing cyclone behaviour, which strains kharif output, food prices and coastal preparedness. The way forward lies in better seasonal forecasting, contingency crop planning and stronger early-warning systems.
PYQ connection
A question UPSC has already asked on this
La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from El Nino?
- La Nina is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperature in equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.
- El Nino has adverse effect on south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
ಉತ್ತರ ನೋಡಿ
ಉತ್ತರ: D
Why this matters: today's issue is directly connected to a concept UPSC has already tested. Read the story with this question in mind.
Practise this PYQ →Quick recall
Answer before you reveal
ಕುನ್ಮಿಂಗ್-ಮಾಂಟ್ರಿಯಲ್ ಜಾಗತಿಕ ಜೀವವೈವಿಧ್ಯ ಚೌಕಟ್ಟಿನಡಿ, 2030ರ ವೇಳೆಗೆ ಜಗತ್ತಿನ ಭೂಮಿ, ಒಳನಾಡಿನ ಜಲ, ಕರಾವಳಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಗರ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕನಿಷ್ಠ ಎಷ್ಟು ಭಾಗವನ್ನು ಸಂರಕ್ಷಿಸಲು ದೇಶಗಳು ಬದ್ಧವಾಗಿವೆ?
- ಶೇ 20
- ಶೇ 30
- ಶೇ 40
- ಶೇ 50
ಉತ್ತರ ನೋಡಿ
ಉತ್ತರ: B — ಸರಿಯಾದ ಉತ್ತರ ಶೇ 30. 2030ರ ವೇಳೆಗೆ ಕನಿಷ್ಠ ಶೇ 30ರಷ್ಟನ್ನು ಸಂರಕ್ಷಿಸುವುದು ಚೌಕಟ್ಟಿನ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಗುರಿ.
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