← 28 September 2026's Current Affairs · Polity GS-3 Prelims ★★★★☆ Mains ★★★★★
Supreme Court to hear plea against UPI MDR charges
ಸುದ್ದಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಏಕೆ?
Who actually runs UPI? A Supreme Court MDR case puts NPCI's role on trial
The Supreme Court is hearing a challenge to the imposition of Merchant Discount Rate charges on high-value UPI transactions.
Why it matters: GS-3 core; factual, Prelims-type
What you need to know
2 ನಿಮಿಷ
A plea challenging the imposition of a Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) — the fee merchants pay payment service providers — on Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions above ₹2,000 came up before the Supreme Court.
UPI transactions have so far been kept MDR-free to encourage adoption of digital payments, a policy administered jointly by the Reserve Bank of India and the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), which operates UPI.
The case tests how far a zero-charge digital-payments framework built for financial inclusion can be altered.
ಮೂಲಗಳು: Topper IAS editorial (PIB / The Hindu / Indian Express)
ಮುಖ್ಯ ಅಂಶಗಳು
Remember these
- MDR (Merchant Discount Rate) is the fee merchants pay payment service providers
- UPI transactions have so far been kept MDR-free to encourage digital payments adoption
- The plea challenges MDR on UPI transactions above ₹2,000
- UPI's MDR-free policy is administered jointly by the RBI and NPCI
- NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India) is the entity that operates UPI
ಪ್ರಿಲಿಮ್ಸ್ · ಮೇನ್ಸ್
How the exam will ask it
ಪ್ರಿಲಿಮ್ಸ್
- The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) operates UPI, not the RBI.
- UPI transactions have been kept free of Merchant Discount Rate to promote financial inclusion.
- A Supreme Court plea challenges the imposition of MDR on UPI transactions above ₹2,000.
ಮೇನ್ಸ್
GS Paper 3 - Economy: UPI's MDR-free framework, jointly administered by the RBI and NPCI, has been central to India's digital payments and financial inclusion push, but the Supreme Court challenge tests whether this zero-charge model can be altered for high-value transactions. The outcome carries implications for merchant costs, bank/NPCI revenue sustainability, and continued digital payments growth, requiring a balance between fee viability and adoption incentives going forward.
Quick recall
Answer before you reveal
ಇತ್ತೀಚೆಗೆ ಸುಪ್ರೀಂ ಕೋರ್ಟ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ಮರ್ಚೆಂಟ್ ಡಿಸ್ಕೌಂಟ್ ರೇಟ್ (MDR) ವಿವಾದದ ಕೇಂದ್ರದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಯುನಿಫೈಡ್ ಪೇಮೆಂಟ್ಸ್ ಇಂಟರ್‌ಫೇಸ್ (UPI) ಅನ್ನು ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುವ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ ಯಾವುದು?
- ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಿಸರ್ವ್ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್
- ನ್ಯಾಷನಲ್ ಪೇಮೆಂಟ್ಸ್ ಕಾರ್ಪೊರೇಷನ್ ಆಫ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ
- ಇನ್‌ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್ ಫಾರ್ ಡೆವಲಪ್‌ಮೆಂಟ್ ಅಂಡ್ ರಿಸರ್ಚ್ ಇನ್ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕಿಂಗ್ ಟೆಕ್ನಾಲಜಿ
- ಕಂಟ್ರೋಲರ್ ಜನರಲ್ ಆಫ್ ಪೇಟೆಂಟ್ಸ್, ಡಿಸೈನ್ಸ್ ಅಂಡ್ ಟ್ರೇಡ್ ಮಾರ್ಕ್ಸ್
ಉತ್ತರ ನೋಡಿ
ಉತ್ತರ: B — ಸರಿ: ನ್ಯಾಷನಲ್ ಪೇಮೆಂಟ್ಸ್ ಕಾರ್ಪೊರೇಷನ್ ಆಫ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ - UPI ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಪಡಿಸಿ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುವ ಲಾಭರಹಿತ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ. • RBI - ತಪ್ಪು: NPCI ಮೇಲ್ವಿಚಾರಣೆ ಮಾಡುತ್ತದೆ, UPI ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. • IDRBT - ತಪ್ಪು: ಸಂಶೋಧನಾ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ. • CGPDTM - ತಪ್ಪು: ಪೇಟೆಂಟ್ ನೋಂದಣಿಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದ್ದು.
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